Sample JHA Worksheet
Now let's take a look at what our sample JHA looks like now that we've identified some hazards and their related preventive measures in each step and written the safe job procedure.
| JOB: Loading Products into Trailer | ||
|---|---|---|
| TASK STEPS | HAZARDS - POSSIBLE INJURIES | PREVENTIVE MEASURES |
| 1. Driver/Spotter: Spot position of trailer | 1. Spotter: Caught-between injury if caught between trailer and dock. 2. Vehicle: Struck-against damage if truck hits dock |
1. Driver/Spotter: Maintain direct visual/audible contact with driver 2. Spotter: Stay clear of the rear of the trailer as it is being backed into position 3. Spotter: Keep others away from the area. |
| 2. Driver: Exit truck | 1. Spotter: Struck-by or Caught-between injury if energized truck moves 2. Driver: Fall injury from jumping off truck |
1. Driver: When the trailer is in position, turn engine off, set parking brake, exit truck, and notify spotter 2. Driver: Do not jump off the cab or back of the trailer |
| 3. Driver: Set chocks | 1. Driver: Struck-against injury if driver strikes trailer. 2. Driver: Fall to same surface injury if driver trips, slips, or falls while in the dock well 3. Driver: Caught-in injury while positioning chocks |
1. Driver: Close cab door. Stay clear of the back of the trailer door 2. Driver: Check for tripping hazards and pits near dock area 3. Stay clear of nip points between the chocks and tires |
| SAFE JOB PROCEDURE | ||
| Step 1. Spotter: Position the vehicle. Be sure to use proper hand signals when you spot the position of the trailer as it nears the loading dock. Make sure the trailer is correctly positioned in the dock well. Warning: It is important to follow these procedures so you don't get caught between the trailer and dock when the trailer is backing up to the dock. Note: Be sure to keep others away from the area. Remove the awareness chain or bar from the front of the dock door once the trailer is properly positioned. | ||
| Step 2. Driver: When the trailer is in position, verify the vehicle has been turned off, set the parking brake, and notify the forklift operator. Warning: When exiting the truck, never jump. Many drivers are injured jumping from the cab of the truck or back of the trailer. | ||
| Step 3. Driver: Set the chocks. After exiting the truck, chock the wheels. Warning: Be sure not to strike your head against the truck while setting the chocks. Caution: Be careful when walking on slippery surfaces and use handrails when using ramps or stairs. | ||
Below is a comprehensive SJP that illustrates the guidelines covered in this course. Notice it can also be included in a written SJP binder or training handout.
Safe Job Procedure: Operating a Powered Industrial Truck (Forklift)
This Safe Job Procedure (SJP) is for operating a sit-down, counterbalanced forklift. Follow every step exactly. Your safety and the safety of everyone around you depend on it.
Before You Start the Forklift
Put on all required Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) before you go near the forklift. You wear a hard hat to protect your head from falling objects, safety glasses to keep debris out of your eyes, a high-visibility vest so others can see you, and steel-toe boots because a 9,000-pound forklift can crush your feet in seconds.
Walk completely around the forklift and look closely for any problems. Check the tires, forks, mast, hydraulic lines, and overhead guard. Look underneath for oil, fuel, or coolant leaks on the ground. Pull the seat belt all the way out and let it retract to make sure it is not cut or frayed. In a tip-over the seat belt keeps you inside the protective cage—if it fails, you can be crushed. If you see any damage, leaks, flat tires, or anything wrong, tag the forklift "Out of Service" right away and tell your supervisor. Never operate a damaged forklift; it can fail suddenly and kill you or someone else.
Starting the Forklift
Climb onto the forklift the right way. Face the machine, keep three points of contact (two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand) on the steps and handholds, and step up slowly. Never jump on or off. Sit down, adjust the seat and mirrors so you can see clearly all around, and fasten your seat belt snugly across your hips.
Make sure the parking brake is on and the direction lever is in neutral. Turn the key or push the start button. Listen for strange noises and watch all gauges and warning lights. If any warning light stays on or you hear anything unusual, shut the forklift off immediately, tag it “Out of Service,” and tell your supervisor.
Operating the Forklift
Lower the forks flat to the ground and tilt them slightly forward so the tips almost touch the floor before you move. Look all around, sound the horn at blind corners, doorways, and whenever people are near. Drive forward whenever possible. When you must drive in reverse, look over your shoulder in the direction you are traveling—use mirrors only to help, not to replace looking. Keep the forks low, about 4 to 6 inches off the ground when loaded and even lower when empty, because high forks raise the center of gravity and make the forklift easy to tip over.
Travel at a safe speed—slow enough to stop quickly. Slow down on wet, oily, or uneven floors and on ramps. Keep your arms, hands, legs, and feet inside the operator’s compartment at all times; reaching out or riding with a foot hanging out can get crushed instantly if you hit anything. Never let anyone ride on the forks or stand under raised forks—a falling load can crush and kill a person. Sound the horn and slow down when people are close, and stop completely if a pedestrian does not move out of your path.
Picking Up a Load
Approach the load straight on and stop with the fork tips about 6 inches from the pallet. Level the forks, then drive forward slowly until the pallet rests fully against the fork backrest. Raise the load just high enough to clear the floor (4-6 inches) and tilt the mast back slightly to cradle and stabilize the load.
Traveling with a Load
Always look in the direction you are traveling, keep the load low, and tilt it back slightly. Go up and down ramps slowly. Drive forward going up a ramp with a load and in reverse going down a ramp with a load. Never turn on a ramp.
Placing a Load
Stop smoothly and completely before you raise the load. Lift it to the correct height, level the forks, and drive forward slowly. Lower the load fully into place, then tilt the forks forward a little. Look behind you, back straight out until the fork tips clear the pallet, and lower the forks to travel height (4-6 inches).
Parking and Shutting Down the Forklift
Choose a level spot away from traffic. Lower the forks flat to the floor, set the parking brake, and put the direction lever in neutral. Turn the key off and take it with you. If you will be more than 25 feet away or out of sight of the forklift, lower the forks all the way to the ground and tilt them forward. Climb down facing the forklift and always keep three points of contact.
You are responsible for operating the forklift safely every single time. Skipping steps or taking shortcuts can cause the forklift to tip, drop a load, or run over someone, and that can cause serious injury or death. Following this procedure protects you, your coworkers, and keeps you employed. Safety is your responsibility.