Step Analysis
The process of "analysis" in the context of a JHA includes breaking the "whole" job down into its basic tasks or steps. The idea is to carefully describe who will perform the tasks or actions and what those actions will be. This step-by-step approach helps ensure that nothing is overlooked and that all potential hazards and controls are addressed before the job begins. A detailed analysis also allows supervisors and safety personnel to identify areas where additional training, equipment, or protective measures may be needed.
Each task is broken into manageable steps that clearly describe what happens in the order it occurs. This structure supports consistency in how work is performed and allows for a detailed examination of each part of the job. By identifying the specific actions within each step, the JHA becomes a tool for both hazard recognition and job planning.
Each step being analyzed will identify the actor (worker) and describe what they will do (action) in that step. The step must be described in a clear, precise manner, and written in a way that others can understand and repeat. This makes it easier to identify related hazards and apply the right controls. If a step is too vague or too general, hazards may be missed. If a step is too detailed, the analysis becomes overwhelming and hard to follow.
For example, instead of writing "work on the machine," a more effective step would be, "Maintenance technician: Remove the side panel using a screwdriver." This level of detail clearly shows who is performing the action, what tool is used, and what is being done. From there, potential hazards—such as sharp edges, pinch points, or electrical exposure—can be identified and appropriate controls like gloves, lockout/tagout, or guarding can be listed.
The goal is not just to describe the task but to describe it in a way that supports safety. Clear, action-based steps help ensure that all workers understand their roles, recognize the risks, and apply the correct safety procedures every time the job is performed.
Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.
2-2. In a JHA, which term describes the individual or object that directly participates or assists in the procedure?
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