Silica Hazards
The most common health hazard in construction is generally considered to be exposure to hazardous substances, particularly respirable crystalline silica.
Protection From Silica
What Is Crystalline Silica?
- Crystalline silica is a common mineral found in materials such as sand, stone, concrete, and mortar.
- It exists in several forms, but the most common and hazardous form is quartz.
- When these materials are worked on, they release tiny particles into the air known as respirable crystalline silica.
Why Silica Exposure Is So Common
- Widespread Use of Materials: Silica is found in common construction materials such as concrete, brick, stone, and mortar.
- Routine Tasks: Cutting, grinding, drilling, or demolishing these materials releases fine silica dust.
- Airborne Nature: The respirable particles are extremely small and easily inhaled deep into the lungs.
- Chronic Health Impact: Long-term exposure can lead to silicosis, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Health Hazards of Respirable Crystalline Silica
When inhaled, these particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and cause serious and often irreversible diseases.
- Silicosis: A lung disease that causes scarring and permanent damage to lung tissue. It can be disabling or fatal.
- Lung Cancer: Crystalline silica is classified as a human lung carcinogen by OSHA and NIOSH.
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A group of diseases that make breathing difficult over time.
- Kidney Disease: Prolonged exposure may also increase the risk of kidney damage or failure.
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9-2. Why are respirable crystalline silica particles especially dangerous to workers?
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