703 Introduction to OSH Training

On-the-Job Training (OJT)

On-the-Job Training (OJT) is a highly effective method for evaluating both an employee’s knowledge and practical skills. Unlike classroom learning or online courses, OJT occurs in the actual work environment, allowing trainees to apply what they have learned in real-world situations.

This hands-on approach helps ensure that workers understand safety procedures, can operate equipment correctly, and are able to recognize and respond to potential hazards. Supervisors or experienced workers can observe performance, provide immediate feedback, and correct unsafe actions before they lead to incidents.

Steps of the OJT Process

Step 1. Introduction: The trainer explains the learning objectives and answers any questions the trainee may have. The trainer also emphasizes the importance of the procedure in achieving production or service goals.

Step 2. Trainer Tells and Shows: To help the trainee become familiar with each job action and understand its importance, the trainer reviews the initial conditions and demonstrates each step of the task while explaining the reasons behind them.

Step 3. Trainee Tells – Trainer Shows: This step is essential when the task involves exposure to serious hazards. The trainee describes each action of the job to the trainer, and then the trainer performs the action. This confirms the trainee’s understanding before hands-on practice begins.

Step 4. Trainee Tells and Shows: Once the trainee demonstrates sufficient knowledge, the trainer allows them to perform the task while continuing to observe closely. The trainee both explains and performs each step, reinforcing learning and safe work habits.

Step 5. Conclusion: After completing the full task, the trainer provides feedback, addresses any final questions, and acknowledges the trainee’s progress and achievement.

Step 6. Documentation: The trainer formally documents that the trainee has demonstrated the knowledge and skills required to perform the task correctly and safely.

Step 7. Validation: Immediately following completion of the OJT session, a competent person—typically the supervisor—should evaluate the employee performing the task on the job. At this time, the employee is considered "initially qualified." After a period of time, when the employee has consistently demonstrated proficiency in performing the job, the employee may be formally certified by the employer as "fully qualified" to perform the task.

For more information on the OJT process, take OSHAcademy Course 723, Conducting OSH Training.

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