We're sorry, but OSHAcademy doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please turn on JavaScript or install a browser that supports Javascript.

744 Working with OSHA
Skip to main content

Four Types of OSHA Standards

Horizontal Standards

Most standards are horizontal or "general," which means they apply to any employer in any industry.

worker in a commercial kitchen.
Horizontal rules apply to all industries.

Examples of horizontal standards are the standards relating to:

  • Fire protection
  • Working surfaces
  • First aid.

Vertical Standards

Some standards are relevant only to a particular industry, and are called vertical, or "particular" standards. Examples of vertical standards are those applying to the:

  • Longshoring industry
  • Construction industry
  • Special industries covered in subpart R of CFR 1910.

Performance Standards

Performance standards allow the employer to choose a method of compliance. An example of a performance standard would state: "One or more methods of fall protection shall be provided..."

Specification Standards

Specification standards provide the exact procedure or measurement the employer must use to comply. An example of a specification standards would state, "When guardrails are used, the top rail shall be between 38 inches and 43 inches in height..."

Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.

4-3. Which of the following types of OSHA standards allows the employer to choose a method of compliance?