Work Environment Temperature Related Hazards
A thermal hazard is a dangerous condition caused by excessive heat or cold or a hot surface. A confined space entry permit must address any hazards from heat or cold within confined spaces.
Four factors influence the interchange of heat between people and their environment. They are:
- air temperature,
- air velocity,
- moisture contained in the air, and
- radiant heat.
Because of the nature and design of most confined spaces, moisture content and radiant heat are difficult to control. A combination of PPE use, heat-producing equipment, work activity, and environmental conditions can cause temperature-related illnesses. As the body temperature rises progressively, workers will continue to function until the body temperature reaches approximately 102oF. Heat-related illnesses include: heat stress, cramps, stroke, and dehydration.
The following precautions for heat-related illnesses are recommended:
- plenty of fluids,
- frequent breaks,
- ice vest,
- shaded or cooled break areas,
- ventilation, and
- awareness training.
In a cold environment, certain physiological mechanisms come into play, which tend to limit heat loss and increase heat production. The most severe strain in cold conditions is chilling of the extremities so that activity is restricted. Special precautions must be taken in cold environments to prevent frostbite, trench foot, and general hypothermia.Cold-related illnesses include: hypothermia and frostbite.
The following precautions for cold-related illnesses are recommended:
- appropriate insulated PPE,
- warming areas for breaks, and
- awareness training.
For more detailed information on preventing heat and cold stress at work, check out OSHAcademy course 602 Heat and Cold Stress Safety.
Knowledge Check Choose the best answer for the question.
5-4. Employees engaged in continuous heavy work in a confined space while wearing body suits and respirators are susceptible to _____.
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